ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To expl ore the clinical significance of folic acid metabolic gene detection in methotrexate （MTX） treatment of acute myeloid leukemia （AML）. METHODS Therapeutic drug monitoring （TDM）pharmacists participated in the treatment process of an AML patient who had neurotoxic side effects such as dizziness ，headache，and vomiting after intrathecal injection of MTX. According to the results of the test of the folic acid metabolic gene MTHFR C677T（rs1801133）（mutant homozygous）and the results of MTX blood concentration monitoring （＜0.05 μmol/L），combined with clinical manifestations ，it was recommended to stop MTX ，give intravenous drip of calcium folinate for rescue ，and consider using azacytidine for follow-up treatment. RESULTS The doctor took the advice of TDM pharmacist ，and the above symptoms were significantly relieved after the patient rescued for 2 times and successfully discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSIONS For AML patients who meet the indications and receive intrathecal injection of MTX ，drug metabolism genetics testing and MTX drug concentration monitoring can be performed before medication ，which helps doctors and pharmacists evaluate the feasibility of drug treatment options and reduce medical risks.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effects of clinical pharmacist-led ischemic stroke management， and to provide reference for chronic disease management. METHODS： Totally 184 patients with ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in neurology department of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from May to August 2018 were included prospectively， and then divided into control group （92 cases） and intervention group （92 cases） by random number method. Control group did not receive clinical pharmacist intervention. In the intervention group， clinical pharmacists were the leader in the pharmaceutical care during the hospitalization， the medication education at discharge， and pharmacy follow-up after discharge. The rate of medication compliance （antiplatelet drugs， antihypertensive drugs， hypoglycemic drugs and lipid-lowering drugs） and the rate of secondary prevention and control indicators of ischemic stroke， such as blood pressure， blood glucose [glycated hemoglobin （HbA1c）] and blood lipid [low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）] were investigated between 2 groups at 6 months after discharge. The incidence of adverse drug reaction and the rate of rehospitalization were compared between 2 groups at 6 months after discharge. RESULTS： The number of patients in the intervention group and the control group was 84 and 82， respectively. At 6 months after discharge， the compliance rate of antiplatelet drugs in the intervention group was 96.43％， which was higher than 95.13％ of control group， but the difference was not statistically significant. The good compliance rates of antihypertensive drugs， hypoglycemic drugs and lipid-lowering drugs in the intervention group were 92.86％， 91.67％ and 77.38％， which were higher than 78.57％， 69.70％ and 60.98％ of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The qualified rate of index of blood pressure was 89.29％ in intervention group， which was higher than 76.79％ of control group， but the difference was not statistically significant. The qualified rates of HbA1c and LDL-C in the intervention group were 80.56％ and 66.67％， which were higher than 57.58％ and 48.785 of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The incidence of total adverse drug reactions in the intervention group was 15.48％， which was lower than 20.73％ of control group， but the difference was not statistically significant. The total rehospitalization rate in the intervention group was 7.14％， which was lower than 17.86％ of control group， the difference was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The management of ischemic stroke patients with clinical pharmacists as the leading factor can improve the patient’s medication compliance， improve the qualified rate of secondary prevention and control indicators of ischemic stroke， and reduce the rate of rehospitalization.
ABSTRACT
Chemotherapy outcomes for the treatment of glioma remains unsatisfactory due to the inefficient drug transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and insufficient drug accumulation in the tumor region. Although many approaches, including various nanosystems, have been developed to promote the distribution of chemotherapeutics in the brain tumor, the delivery efficiency and the possible damage to the normal brain function still greatly restrict the clinical application of the nanocarriers. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to discover more safe and effective BBB penetration and glioma-targeting strategies. In the present study, menthol, one of the strongest BBB penetration enhancers screened from traditional Chinese medicine, was conjugated to casein, a natural food protein with brain targeting capability. Then the conjugate self-assembled into the nanoparticles to load anti-cancer drugs. The nanoparticles were characterized to have appropriate size, spheroid shape and high loading drug capacity. Tumor spheroid penetration experiments demonstrated that penetration ability of menthol-modified casein nanoparticles (M-CA-NP) into the tumor were much deeper than that of unmodified nanoparticles. imaging further verified that M-CA-NPs exhibited higher brain tumor distribution than unmodified nanoparticles. The median survival time of glioma-bearing mice treated with HCPT-M-CA-NPs was significantly prolonged than those treated with free HCPT or HCPT-CA-NPs. HE staining of the organs indicated the safety of the nanoparticles. Therefore, the study combined the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine strategy with modern delivery technology for brain targeting, and provide a safe and effective approach for glioma therapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the diagnosis value of the percentage of Tie 2-expressing monocytes(TEMs)in CD14+CD16+monocytes of peripheral blood from hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients with negative AFP and tumor size≤3 cm.Methods Flow Cytometry(FCM)was used to determine the percentage of TEMs in CD14+CD16+monocytes of peripheral blood from patients with HCC(n=82), liver cirrhosis(n=29), chronic hepatitis B(n=28), and healthy controls(n=31).Abbott i2000 microparticle chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer was used to determine the plasma alpha -fetoprotein (AFP)levels.The difference among multi groups was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis H test.Two independent groups were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test.The chi-square test was used in the rate comparison.The correlation between TEMs and AFP was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. Morever, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC-AUC), sensitivity and specificity of TEMs or AFP in differentiating HCC, HCC with AFP negative or tumor size≤3 cm were analyzed.Results The percentage of TEMs in CD14 +CD16 +monocytes of peripheral blood from HCC or HCC with negative AFP or HCC with tumor size≤3 cm was significantly higher than that in patients with liver cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis B and healthy controls(P<0.05).ROC-AUC of TEMs and AFP in the diagnosis of HCC were 0.701(95% CI 0.626-0.768)and 0.712(95% CI 0.638-0.779) respectively.When the cut-off values of TEMs and AFP were 4.95%and 20 μg/L,the sensitivities of TEMs and AFP were 71.95%and 45.12%,and the specificities of TEMs and AFP were 70.45%and 85.23%. The sensitivity of TEMs in the diagnosis of HCC was significantly higher than that of AFP(χ2=12.16,P=0.000).The specificity of AFP was significantly higher than that of TEMs(χ2=5.57,P=0.018).There was a highest sensitivity(89.02%)in TEMs/AFP method,and there was a highest specificity(93.18%) in TEMs+AFP method in the diagnosis of HCC.There was no significant difference between the ROC-AUC for the TEMs and the AFP in the diagnosis of 26 patients with tumor size≤3 cm HCC(0.776 vs 0.645,Z=1.805,P=0.071),TEMs/AFP had the highest sensitivity(84.62%),while TEMs+AFP had the highest specificity(93.18%)in the diagnosis of tumor size≤3cm HCC.The ROC-AUC for the TEMs in the diagnosis of 45 patients with AFP negative HCC was 0.739(95%CI 0.648-0.829).The sensitivity and specificity of TEMs were 80.0% and 70.45% respectively.There was no correlation between the level of plasma AFP and the percentage of TEMs(r=-0.169, P=0.129)determined by Spearmans rank correlation coefficient.Conclusions TEMs is valuable in the diagnosis of HCC with negative AFP and tumor size≤3cm,and the two tests of TEMs and AFP can complement each other in the diagnosis of patients with HCC.
ABSTRACT
Taking inspiration from nature, the biomimetic concept has been integrated into drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. Disguised with cell membranes, the nanoparticles can acquire various functions of natural cells. The cell membrane-coating technology has pushed the limits of common nano-systems (fast elimination in circulation) to more effectively navigate within the body. Moreover, because of the various functional molecules on the surface, cell membrane-based nanoparticles (CMBNPs) are capable of interacting with the complex biological microenvironment of the tumor. Various sources of cell membranes have been explored to camouflage CMBNPs and different tumor-targeting strategies have been developed to enhance the anti-tumor drug delivery therapy. In this review article we highlight the most recent advances in CMBNP-based cancer targeting systems and address the challenges and opportunities in this field.
ABSTRACT
Exploiting cells as vehicles combined with nanoparticles combined with therapy has attracted increasing attention in the world recently. Red blood cells, leukocytes and stem cells have been used for tumor immunotherapy, tissue regeneration and inflammatory disorders, and it is known that neutrophils can accumulate in brain lesions in many brain diseases including depression. -Acetyl Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) peptide shows high specific binding affinity to neutrophils through the CXCR2 receptor. In this study, PGP was used to modify baicalein-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (PGP-SLNs) to facilitate binding to neutrophils . Brain-targeted delivery to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) was demonstrated by enhanced concentration of baicalein in the BLA. An enhanced anti-depressant effect was observed and The mechanism involved inhibition of apoptosis and a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase release. Behavioral evaluation carried out with rats demonstrated that anti-depression outcomes were achieved. The results indicate that PGP-SLNs decrease immobility time, increase swimming time and climbing time and attenuate locomotion in olfactory-bulbectomized (OB) rats. In conclusion, PGP modification is a strategy for targeting the brain with a cell-nanoparticle delivery system for depression therapy.
ABSTRACT
RNAi technology has aroused wide public interest due to its high efficiency and specificity to treat multiple types of diseases. However, the effective delivery of siRNA remains a challenge due to its large molecular weight and strong anionic charge. Considering their remarkable functions and features that are often desired in drug delivery carriers, biomimetic systems for siRNA delivery become an effective and promising strategy. Based on this, covalent attachment of synthetic cell penetrating peptides (CPP) to siRNA has become of great interest. We developed a monomeric covalent conjugate of low molecular weight protamine (LMWP, a well-established CPP) and siRNA a cytosol-cleavable disulfide linkage using PEG as a crosslinker. Results showed that the conjugates didn't generate coagulation, and exhibited much better RNAi potency and intracellular delivery compared with the conventional charge-complexed CPP/siRNA aggregates. Three different synthetic and purification methods were compared in order to optimize synthesis efficiency and product yield. The methodology using hetero-bifunctional NHS-PEG-OPSS as a crosslinker to synthesize LMWP-siRNA simplified the synthesis and purification process and produced the highest yield. These results pave the way towards siRNA biomimetic delivery and future clinical translation.
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we prepared a dual functional system based on dextrin-coated silver nanoparticles which were further attached with iron oxide nanoparticles and cell penetrating peptide (Tat), producing Tat-modified Ag-FeO nanocomposites (Tat-FeAgNPs). To load drugs, an -SH containing linker, 3-mercaptopropanohydrazide, was designed and synthesized. It enabled the silver carriers to load and release doxorubicin (Dox) in a pH-sensitive pattern. The delivery efficiency of this system was assessed using MCF-7 cells, and using null BalB/c mice bearing MCF-7 xenograft tumors. Our results demonstrated that both Tat and externally applied magnetic field could promote cellular uptake and consequently the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles, with the IC of Tat-FeAgNP-Dox to be 0.63 µmol/L. The delivery efficiency of Tat-FeAgNP carrying Cy5 to the mouse tumor was analyzed using the optical imaging tests, in which Tat-FeAgNP-Cy5 yielded the most efficient accumulation in the tumor (6.7±2.4% ID of Tat-FeAgNPs). Anti-tumor assessment also demonstrated that Tat-FeAgNP-Dox displayed the most significant tumor-inhibiting effects and reduced the specific growth rate of tumor by 29.6% ( = 0.009), which could be attributed to its superior performance in tumor drug delivery in comparison with the control nanovehicles.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the curative effect of laparoscopic retrograde time full cholecystectomy in the treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis.Methods From February 2016 to December 2017,100 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis in the Second People's Hospital of Yuyao were selected as the study objects.All patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to digital table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group were treated by laparoscopic retrograde cholecystectomy all treatment.The observation group were treated by laparoscopic retrograde time full cholecystectomy treatment,the clinical therapeutic effect of the two groups of patients were comparatively analyzed.Results The clinical effective rate of the observation group was 94.00％,which was better than that of the control group (72.00％) (x2 =15.235,P ＜ 0.05).The blood loss [(71.23 ± 18.74) mL],operation time [(46.23 ± 11.88) min],exhaust time [(19.83 ± 6.58) h],the bed movement time[(27.19 ± 5.47) h] and length of hospital stay[(5.23 ± 0.86) d] of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group [(54.89 ± 11.52) mL,(77.35 ± 12.43) min,(27.85 ± 8.72) h,(35.68 ± 9.56) h,(7.96 ± 1.47) d] (t =12.534,22.563,12.534,22.563,6.113,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The laparoscopic retrograde time full cholecystectomy in the treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis has better curative effects,which is worth popularizing in clinical use.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effects of N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (L-NAT) on intestinal damage after rat hepatic ischemia reperfusion.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult rats were divided into the sham operation group (Sham),ischemia reperfusion group (IR),ischemia reperfusion and N-acetyl-L-tryptophan group(IR+L-NAT).The hepatic ischemia reperfusion model was established by occluding the afferent vessels of the left and middle lobes.The morphological structures of the small intestine were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The expressions of active caspase-3,Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry staining.Results (1) In the IR group,the structure of intestinal villis was destroyed,the intestinal mucosa showed congestion and exfoliation,the epithelial cells had degeneration and necrosis,and infiltration of inflammatory cells appeared;which could be alleviated by L-NAT.(2)The immunohistochemistry showed that compared with the Sham group,the expression of active caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax in the IR group was increased,after L-NAT intervention,the Bax and caspase-3 expression was decreased,while the Bcl-2 expression was further increased.Conclusion L-NAT could inhibit the apoptosis of small intestinal epithelial cells caused by liver ischemic reperfusion and attenuates intestinal epithelial damage.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effects of N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (L-NAT) on intestinal damage after rat hepatic ischemia reperfusion.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult rats were divided into the sham operation group (Sham),ischemia reperfusion group (IR),ischemia reperfusion and N-acetyl-L-tryptophan group(IR+L-NAT).The hepatic ischemia reperfusion model was established by occluding the afferent vessels of the left and middle lobes.The morphological structures of the small intestine were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The expressions of active caspase-3,Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry staining.Results (1) In the IR group,the structure of intestinal villis was destroyed,the intestinal mucosa showed congestion and exfoliation,the epithelial cells had degeneration and necrosis,and infiltration of inflammatory cells appeared;which could be alleviated by L-NAT.(2)The immunohistochemistry showed that compared with the Sham group,the expression of active caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax in the IR group was increased,after L-NAT intervention,the Bax and caspase-3 expression was decreased,while the Bcl-2 expression was further increased.Conclusion L-NAT could inhibit the apoptosis of small intestinal epithelial cells caused by liver ischemic reperfusion and attenuates intestinal epithelial damage.
ABSTRACT
AIM To prepare the chrysin-phospholipid complex and to investigate its pharmacokinetic behaviors.METHODS Solvent evaporation method was used for preparing the complex.With preparation temperature,preparation time,chrysin concentration and drug-lipid ratio (chrysin-phospholipid) as influencing factors,together with recombination rate as an evaluation index,the preparation was optimized by orthogonal test.The obtained complex was analyzed by X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,1H-NMR and 31P-NMR,whose solubility was examined as well.SD rats were intragastrically administered with chrysin and its phospholipid complex,respectively.The blood concentration of chrysin was detected by HPLC,after which the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.RESULTS The optimal conditions were determined to be 40 ℃ for preparation temperature,2 h for preparation time,20 mg/mL for chrysin concentration,and 1 ∶ 2 for drug-lipid ratio,the recombination rate was close to 100％.Chrysin existed in an amorphous state in the phospholipid complex,which was a new phase rather than physical mixture (chrysin-phosphatidylcholine),and no new chemical bond was generated.Phospholipid complex could significantly increase chrysin's apparent solubility in water and n-octanol,the Cmax,AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ were also obviously increased as compared with raw medicine.CONCLUSION Phospholipid complex can improve both the solubility of chrysin and its oral bioavailability.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of schizantherin E,gomisin J,angeloylgomisin H,schisantherin A,schisantherin B,schisanhenol,anwuligan,schizandrin A,schizandrin B and schizandrin C in Wuzhi tablets.METHODS:RP-HPLC method was adopted.The determination was performed on Symmetry C18 column with acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid solution (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set 225 rm,and the column temperature was 30 ℃.The sample size was 10 μL.RESULTS:The linear ranges of schizantherin E,gomisin J,angeloylgomisin H,schisantherin A,schisantherin B,schisanhenol,anwuligan,schizandrin A,schizandrin B and schizandrin C were 2.25-67.5ng(r=0.999 6),2.1-63 ng(r=0.999 8),28-840 ng(r=0.999 9),124.6-3 738 ng(r=0.999 9),22.7-681 ng(r=0.999 9),32.7-981 ng(r=0.999 9),47-1 410 ng(r=0.999 9),208-6 240 ng(r=0.999 9),5.36-160.8 rig(r=0.999 9),4.48-134.4 ng(r=0.999 8).The limits of quantitation were 14.17,13.32,9.33,11.37,14.62,19.88,14.66,12.50,16.40,13.55 rg.The limits of detection were 4.62,4.60,3.08,3.76,4.81,6.74,4.93,4.16,5.86,5.03 ng.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were less than 3.0％;the recoveries were 96.36％-100.00％(RSD=1.83％,n=6),95.00％-100.00％(RSD=2.07％,n=6),95.00％-98.00％(RSD=1.22％,n=6),95.37％-98.91％ (RSD=1.29％,n=6),95.62 ％-103.71％ (RSD=2.85％,n=6),97.33％-102.67％ (RSD=2.00％,n=6),95.00％-99.33％ (RSD=1.75％,n=6),97.24％-104.93％ (RSD=2.63％,n=6),95.00％-97.50％ (RSD=1.42％,n=6),96.00％-102.00％ (RSD=2.45％,n=6),respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The developed method is accurate,sensitive and reproducible,and it can be used for content determination of 10 lignanoids in Wuzhi tablets.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of measuring value transfer for human serum samples assigned by the reference laboratory network on improving the trueness of seven enzyme activities in clinical laboratories,such as ALT,AST,GGT,LDH,CK,AMY and ALP.Methods Depending on the medical imtitutions at all levels contacted by 5 reference laboratories in North China,South China,East China and Southwest China,the corresponding clinical laboratory measuring value transfer/traceability network was established.The frozen human serum samples with good interehangeability and standard material characteristics,including calibrator,sample 1 and sample 2,were provided by Beijing Aerospace General Hospital,and were assigned by 5 reference labotatories in four regiom.These samples were sent to 48 clinical laboratories.These clinical laboratories measured sample 1 and sample 2 according to their standard operating procedures,and then measured.the two samples again after adjusting their measurement system by using the supplied calibrator.The changes of trueness of detection results in these laboratories were evaluated according to the WS/T 403-2012 standard,and the changes of consistency for ALT and AST before and after measuring value tramfer were investigated.Results The results of AMY,ALP,GGT,CK and LDH calibrator,sample 1 and sample 2 assigned by the established network were 138.7 U/L,278.5 U/L and 68.3 U/L,265.3 U/L,94.5 U/L and 134.4 U/L,195.8 U/L,89.0 U/L and 158.9 U/L,393.7 U/L,260.0 U/L and 645.3 U/L,and 302.0 U/L,250.0 U/L and 452.7 U/L,respectively.The percentages of sample 1 and sample 2 which met the bias requirements of the WS/T 403-2012 standard before measuring value transfer for AMY,ALP and GGT were 65.9％ and 61.0％,76.6％ and 78.7％,and 66.7％ and 70.8％,respectively,while after measuring value transfer,they were 89.2％ and 83.8％,86.7％ and 80.0％,and 85.4％ and 91.7％,respectively.The percentages of sample 2 which met the bias requirements of the WS/T 403-2012 standard before measuring value transfer for CK and LDH were 64.6％ and 58.3％,respectively,while after measuring value trander,they were 93.5％ and 84.8％,respectively.The coefficients of variation (consistency) of sample 1 and sample 2 for ALT and AST before measuring value tramfer were 12.9％ and 11.3％,and 10.2％ and 8.9％,respectively,while after measuring value transfer,they were 9.3％ and 8.2％,and 5.6％ and 5.9％,respectively.Conclusion The calibration of routine measurement systems based on the measuring value transfer for human serum samples assigned by the reference laboratory network may improve the comparability of 7 enzyme actvities measurement results in chnical laboratories at all levels obviously,which deserves to be further spread.
ABSTRACT
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggres sive malignant tumors with dismal prognosis.The 2017 annualmeeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)brings together thousands of oncology professionals from around the world to discuss state-of-the-art treatment modalities,new therapies,and ongoing controversies in the field.In this paper,authors selected and reviewed pancreatic cancer research from 2017 annual meeting of the ASCO,especially the latest research progress in genetic diagnosis,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,targeted therapy and neoadjuvant treatments.
ABSTRACT
[Objective]The oxidative injury of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)plays a key role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration(ARMD). This study is to investigate the effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the vital transcriptional factor X-box binding protein 1(XBP1)in acrolein-induced oxidative damage of RPE.[Methods]RPE cells were treated with acrolein (75μmol/L)for 2~24 h,expression of glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78)and XBP1 was determined by Western blot analysis. After being transfected with XBP1 siRNA with 24 h,the expression of XBP1 was knocked-down in RPE cells. Protein level of Nrf2 and SOD2 was then determined by Western blot analysis and intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS)generation was determined by DCF staining. Acrolein was added for 8 h after being transfected with XBP1 siRNA or control siRNA for 24 h. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay before and after the treatment. Subretinal injection of Cre or GFP adenovirus was performed in XBP 1flox mice. After 1 week the mice were sacrificed. Total RNA was extracted from mice eyecups using TRIzol and real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the two XBP1 down-stream genes,ERdj4 and p58IPK. Cryosectioning and immunofluorescent staining were performed to look at the expression of XBP1,Nrf2 and SOD2 in mice RPE.[Results]Protein level of GRP78 was significantly un-regulated after exposure to acrolein for 2 and 4 h. XBP1 was activated after acrolein treatment for 6 h. Knock-down of XBP1 by siRNA down-regu?lates anti-oxidant genes expression and increased ROS generation in RPE cells. Loss of XBP1 exacerbates acrolein-induced cell apoptosis. XBP1 was knocked-down in the RPE of XBP1flox mice after subretinal injection of Cre adenovirus. Decreased mRNA level of ERdj4 and p58IPK,and decreased Nrf2 and SOD2 expression were seen in the Cre-injected group.[Conclusions]Acrolein induces ER stress and activates XBP1 in RPE cells. Knock-down of XBP1 down-regulates anti-oxidant genes expression ,increases ROS generation,and exacerbates acrolein-induced cell apoptosis. XBP1 plays a role in the anti-oxidant defense in the RPE cells.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe long-term clinical and rehabilitation effect of Xingnaojing injection with hyperbaric oxygen on the stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods100 patients with cerebral apoplexy hemiplegia from May 2012 to April 2014 in Wuzhong City People's Hospital Affiliated to Ningxia Medical University during the period.According to the stochastic indicator method, the object of this study were divided into experimental group (50 cases) and control group (50 cases).For all patients with conventional treatment, daily aspirin 0.5 g, nim horizon each time, three times a day oral treatment, control group patients on the basis of the joint 20 mL Xingnaojing injection, once a day.Patients in the experimental group were given hyperbaric oxygen treatment on the basis of the combination, for an hour every day.Treatment for 2 months after hospital discharge, 18 months after treatment to return of two groups of patients, compared two groups of patients before and after treatment action, ability of daily life, the quality of life as well as the secondary injury, and the patient's neurologic deficits were evaluated.ResultsIn 18 months after treatment, the treatment group patients walk rate was 68%, significantly higher than that of control group 42%(P<0.05), nerve function defect assessment in experimental group patients was (10.43±2.19) scores,was significantly better than control group (16.04±3.23) scores, daily life ability, life quality and improve secondary injury effect in experimental group was significantly better than control group, difference has statistical significance (P<0.05).ConclusionXingnaojing injection combined hyperbaric oxygen treatment of stroke patients with hemiplegia, can improve long-termdaily life skills, and improve quality of life with rehabilitation, the long-term clinical effect is remarkable, less adverse reaction.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the specific peptide of cystatin C (CysC) and its characteristics by bioinformatics technology,and verify the predicted results by mass spectrometry.Methods Online software was applied to analyze the physicochemical properties and homology of CysC peptides hydrolyzed by trypsin and predict the associated parameters of ionized fragmentation of specific peptide by mass spectrometry.Precursor ion scan and product ion scan were conducted on the samples of synthetic specific peptide.The recombinant human CysC and serum samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry after trypsin digestion.The results of analysis were compared with the outcomes predicted by bioinformatics.Results T3 (ALDFAVGEYNK) was considered as the specific peptide of CysC by software analysis.When selecting[M + 2H] 2 + for product ion scan,almost all the y and b ions of fragmentation were observed using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS),showing consistency with Skyline predictions.Moreover,both the peptides from the human recombinant CysC and serum sample following the trypsin digestion were eluted at the same time with the isotope-labeled T3 * under the fixed conditions.Conclusion Bioinformatics technology could be available for picking out the specific peptides of target protein quickly and efficiently and predicting the ionized fragmentation precisely by mass spectrometry scanning.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To compared with empirical medication and medication under the guidance of adenosine triphos-phate-tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA) in the treatment of platinum resistance recurrent ovarian cancer,and to explore clinical efficacy,survival situation of the occurrence of ADR. METHODS:90 cases of platinum resistant recurrent ovarian cancer were divided into drug sensitive group(46 cases)and control group(44 cases)according to admission order. According to clinical experience,control group was given gemcitabine+ifosfamide+doxorubicin for chemotherapy;according to the ATP-TCA test re-sults,chemotherapy plan of drug sensitive group was determined. A treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 28 d,and both received 2-6 courses of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy efficacy,survival situation and the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:18 cases receiving paclitaxel,14 cases receiving doxorubicin,6 cases paclitaxe+vinorelbine,5 cases gemcitabi-ne,3 cases topotecan in the drug sensitive group. The total effective rate of drug sensitive group was 58.70%,which was signifi-cantly higher than that(36.96%)of control group,with statistical significance(P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:According to ATP-TCA test results,chemotherapy efficacy and survival situation of patients with platinum resistant recurrent ovarian cancer receiving targeted chemotherapy regimen are better than those receiving clinical empirical medication,and the incidence of ADR will not be influ-enced.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the reasons of catheter fracture of implantable vascular access devices and to explore the prevention and handling measures. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried in 3 887 adult patients with implantable vascular access devices and 13 had catheter fracture. The clinical features and causes were analyzed and the successful handling measures were summarized. Results Of 3 887 cases, a total of 13 (0.33%) catheter fracture occurred. The incidence rate of catheter fracture via subclavian jugular venipuncture was 3.70%,(6/162) , via internal jugular venipuncture was 0.18% (7/3 725), via internal jugular venipuncture was significantly lower than that via the subclavian venipuncture (χ2=47.505,P=0.000). There had no statistical differences between the left and right of the two puncture ways(P=0.707,0.682). Conclusions Catheter fracture is one of the serious complications in the process of use and maintenance of implantable vascular access device. Choosing appropriate surgical method, strengthen maintenance education, specificating the operation procedure, closing observation and other measures can not only reduce the occurrence of the catheter fracture, but also can dealt with catheter fracture in time, which could ensure the safety of patients' life.